{"id":3228,"date":"2024-04-09T06:51:08","date_gmt":"2024-04-09T06:51:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sdmcrafts.com\/tr\/?p=3228"},"modified":"2024-04-17T07:33:10","modified_gmt":"2024-04-17T07:33:10","slug":"kumda-kharmohre-yapimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sdmcrafts.com\/tr\/kumda-kharmohre-yapimi\/","title":{"rendered":"Kum’da kharmohre yap\u0131m\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/h2>\n

\u0130ran’\u0131n alt\u0131 bin y\u0131ll\u0131k miras\u0131 Kum’da kharmohre yap\u0131m\u0131<\/b><\/h2>\n

Kum’da kharmohre yap\u0131m\u0131: <\/b>Kum’daki kharmohre yap\u0131m\u0131, alt\u0131 bin y\u0131ll\u0131k ge\u00e7mi\u015fi olan ve \u00fcretimi Kum kentindeki Saadatmand ailesine miras kalan \u0130ran el sanatlar\u0131 alanlar\u0131ndan biridir. Kharmohre s\u0131r\u0131 ilk olarak \u0130ran’da bak\u0131r d\u00f6k\u00fcmc\u00fcleri taraf\u0131ndan kazara f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131n g\u00f6vdesinde bulundu. F\u0131r\u0131n yak\u0131t\u0131n\u0131n (a\u015fnoon otu), f\u0131r\u0131n g\u00f6vdesindeki silisli ta\u015flar\u0131n ve bak\u0131r oksitin kazara reaksiyonu, f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 g\u00f6vdesindeki ta\u015flar \u00fczerinde kharmohre s\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zanaatkarlar zamanla f\u0131r\u0131n g\u00f6vdesindeki ta\u015flardan istedikleri \u015fekle sahip ta\u015flar yapabileceklerini ve bunlar\u0131 f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirerek parlak par\u00e7alar \u00fcretebileceklerini fark ettiler.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kharmohre s\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n tesad\u00fcfen olu\u015fmas\u0131 ve bu b\u00fcy\u00fcl\u00fc olay\u0131n k\u00f6keninin bilinmemesi, \u0130ran’\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131lt\u0131l\u0131 kharmohrelerinin \u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n kula\u011f\u0131na \u00e7ok \u00e7abuk ula\u015fmas\u0131na neden oldu. Farkl\u0131 sosyal s\u0131n\u0131flardan insanlar, zararlardan ve \u0131s\u0131r\u0131klardan korunmak i\u00e7in sihirli iksirlere sahip olarak do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7leri yanlar\u0131nda getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar.<\/span><\/p>\n

kharmohre, k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede \u0130ran’da ve \u0130ran ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkelerde nazardan korunman\u0131n en \u00f6nemli sembollerinden biri olarak bilinmeye ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

O d\u00f6nemde mal ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u0130ran’\u0131n merkezinden Mezopotamya’ya, oradan da M\u0131s\u0131r’a do\u011fru ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyordu. Kum \u015fehrinde \u00fcretilen kharmohrelar \u0130ranl\u0131 t\u00fcccarlar taraf\u0131ndan M\u0131s\u0131r’a ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve bol miktarda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir d\u00f6nemde kharmohera’n\u0131n \u015f\u00f6hreti ve \u00f6nemi \u00f6yle bir noktaya ula\u015ft\u0131 ki, firavunlar ve e\u015fleri, zararlardan korunmak ve mutlu ya\u015famak i\u00e7in kharmohera’y\u0131 s\u00fcs e\u015fyas\u0131 olarak kulland\u0131lar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Eski M\u0131s\u0131r k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde kharmohre par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n “g\u00fcne\u015fin sonsuz \u0131\u015f\u0131lt\u0131s\u0131yla dolu oldu\u011funa ve yeniden do\u011fu\u015fun g\u00fcc\u00fcyle dolu oldu\u011funa” inan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Bu nedenle eski M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131lar b\u00fcy\u00fcklerinin mumyalar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine kharmohrelardan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kolye ve bilezikler koyarlard\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Qom tekni\u011fi(<\/b>Kum tekni\u011fi)<\/span><\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Alman \u0130ranolog Wolff, \u0130ran el sanatlar\u0131 \u00fczerine kapsaml\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapt\u0131. Kum gezisi s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u015fehirde gizemli turkuaz boncuklar\u0131n \u00fcretildi\u011fini fark etti. Daha sonra Kum \u015fehrinde \u00fcretilen boncuklar\u0131n M\u0131s\u0131r’daki arkeolojik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda bolca bulunan boncuklara benzedi\u011fini fark etti. Wolff’un daha sonraki ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 onu, kharmohren’in d\u00fcnyada yaln\u0131zca tek bir yerde, Kum \u015fehrinde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc ve bu nedenle Kum’da kharmohre yapma tekni\u011fini “Kum tekni\u011fi” olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    kharmohre, Espoo 2000, Almanya<\/b><\/h3>\n

    1999 y\u0131l\u0131nda Almanya’daki Kassel \u00dcniversitesi, insan uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihindeki mavi b\u00fcy\u00fcler<\/a> \u00fczerine kapsaml\u0131 bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapt\u0131. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma Castle \u00dcniversitesi Mimarl\u0131k ve Arkeoloji B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan ortakla\u015fa y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n hipotezi, sihirli mavi boncuklar\u0131n \u00fcretiminin bir noktada durdu\u011fu ve bu boncuklar\u0131n s\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetmek i\u00e7in yaln\u0131zca M\u0131s\u0131r ve \u0130ran’da bulunan \u00f6rneklerle yetinmek gerekti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeydi. \u015eans eseri, bu projenin \u0130ranl\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri olan Dr. Adalatian, \u0130ran’da ve Kum \u015fehrinde kharmohre hala \u00fcretildi\u011fini ke\u015ffetti.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u0130ran’\u0131n d\u00f6nemin Cihad Bakan\u0131 Dr. Yadgar, Kasel \u00dcniversitesi projesini \u00f6\u011frendikten sonra, Dr. Adalatian’a \u0130ran’\u0131n tek kharmohre yapma at\u00f6lyesini tan\u0131tm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda Seyyed abolqasem Saadatmand, bu projenin ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131yla birlikte bu \u00f6zg\u00fcn sanat\u0131n s\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetmek \u00fczere d\u00fcnyada tarih sanat\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fayan tek ustas\u0131 olarak Kassel \u00dcniversitesi’ne davet edildi. Proje kapsam\u0131nda di\u011fer \u00fcniversitelerden profes\u00f6r ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n i\u015f birli\u011fiyle \u00e7e\u015fitli at\u00f6lye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi ve kharmohre s\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n insanlar taraf\u0131ndan ke\u015ffedilmesinin yolu sim\u00fcle edildi.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Castle \u00dcniversitesi projesi daha sonra Hannover’deki Expo 2000’de insan k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ve bilgisinin s\u00fcreklili\u011fi alan\u0131nda \u00f6rnek bir proje olarak d\u00fcnyaya tan\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve Seyyed Abulqasem Saadatmand bu kadim sanat\u0131n ya\u015fayan tek ustas\u0131 olarak tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kasel \u00dcniversitesi projesi Seyda Bolqasem Saadatmand’\u0131n hayat\u0131nda yeni bir sayfa a\u00e7t\u0131 ve \u0130ran’a d\u00f6nd\u00fckten sonra bu kadim sanat\u0131n miras\u0131n\u0131 yeni bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla ele ald\u0131. \u00c7e\u015fitli uluslararas\u0131 \u00fcniversitelerden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131larla ileti\u015fim, \u00e7e\u015fitli yurt i\u00e7i toplant\u0131lara kat\u0131l\u0131m, konferanslar, yurt i\u00e7i ve yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131 sergilere kat\u0131l\u0131m, kharmohre tasar\u0131m\u0131 ve \u00fcretimi alan\u0131nda yenilikler Seyyed abulqasem’in ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen yeni etkinliklerin bir par\u00e7as\u0131yd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Kharmohre, \u0130ran’\u0131n somut olmayan ulusal miras\u0131<\/b><\/h3>\n

    Seyyed Abulqasem Saadatmand’\u0131n uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r \u00e7e\u015fitli yerli ve yabanc\u0131 toplant\u0131larda kharmohre yap\u0131m\u0131 sanat\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131tma y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki s\u00fcrekli \u00e7abalar\u0131, bu \u00f6zg\u00fcn \u0130ran sanat\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fcresel stat\u00fcs\u00fc konusunda kamuoyunun fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131. 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kum kharmohres\u0131, \u0130ran’\u0131n somut olmayan ulusal miraslar\u0131ndan biri olarak k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn listesine dahil edildi.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f kharmohre sanat\u0131<\/b><\/h3>\n

    Seyyed abulqasem Saatmand 2021 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n vefat etmi\u015f ve yoluna tek o\u011flu Saeed Saadatmand devam etmi\u015ftir. D\u0131\u015f pazarlar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na cevap vermek, yeni \u00fcr\u00fcnler tasarlamak, kharmohre<\/a> yap\u0131m\u0131 at\u00f6lyeleri d\u00fczenlemek, Saadatmand El Sanatlar\u0131’<\/a>n\u0131n 2021’den bu yana ciddi \u015fekilde takip etti\u011fi i\u015fler aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u015eu anda Saadatmadhan El Sanatlar\u0131’nda kal\u0131p tasar\u0131m\u0131 ve imalat\u0131 ile her t\u00fcrl\u00fc kharmohre tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretimi yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Kum \u015fehrinde bulunan Saadatmand El Sanatlar\u0131<\/a> Ma\u011fazas\u0131nda her t\u00fcrl\u00fc haz\u0131r Kharmohreh modeli bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca m\u00fc\u015fteriler y\u00fcksek tirajl\u0131 kendi modellerini de sipari\u015f edebiliyorlar.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Kum’da Saadatmand El Sanatlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011frenci kharmohre yap\u0131m\u0131 at\u00f6lyeleri d\u00fczenleniyor. Bu at\u00f6lyelerde \u00e7ocuklara ve gen\u00e7lere kharmohre yapma sanat\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131tman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, insan uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n evrimi ve mesleklerin olu\u015fumuna da dikkat \u00e7ekilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/span><\/p>\n

    At\u00f6lye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frenciler farkl\u0131 aletler kullanarak kendilerine \u00f6zg\u00fc par\u00e7alar \u00fcretiyor ve bu par\u00e7alar at\u00f6lye sonras\u0131nda pi\u015firilip okullara g\u00f6nderiliyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Bu at\u00f6lyelerin tasar\u0131m\u0131nda el ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma becerisinin g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi, seramik malzemelerin yap\u0131s\u0131 ve \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131na pratik a\u015final\u0131\u011f\u0131n artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 saadatmand el sanatlar\u0131n\u0131n hedefleri aras\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Kharmohre yapim turizm at\u00f6lyelerinin planlanmas\u0131nda izleyiciyi d\u0131\u015far\u0131daki tela\u015fl\u0131 ve yo\u011fun d\u00fcnyadan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p anda var olman\u0131n rahatlat\u0131c\u0131 hissini hissetmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Kharmohre sanat\u0131n\u0131n tarihini \u00f6\u011frenen ve \u00fcretim at\u00f6lyesini ziyaret eden turistler, kharmohre \u00e7i\u00e7ekleriyle en sevdikleri par\u00e7alar\u0131 yapacak ve sonunda merkezin ma\u011fazas\u0131ndan \u0130ran el sanatlar\u0131 sat\u0131n alma olana\u011f\u0131 da bulacaklar.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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